The Cold Start Problem

How to start and scale network effects

By Andrew Chen

Although software has become easier to build, launching and scaling new products and services remains difficult. Startups face daunting challenges when entering the technology ecosystem, including stiff competition, copycats, and ineffective marketing channels.

Network effects, where a product or service’s value increases as more users engage with it, provide a path for fledgling products to break through, attracting new users through viral growth and word of mouth. Apple, Google, Microsoft, and other tech giants utilize network effects, and most tech products incorporate them, whether they’re messaging apps, workplace collaboration tools, or marketplaces.

Yet, most entrepreneurs lack the vocabulary and context to describe these effects—much less understand the fundamental principles that drive them. What exactly are network effects? How do teams create and build them into their products? How do products compete in a market where every player has them?

The Cold Start Problem provides practical frameworks and principles that can be applied across products and industries—revealing what makes winning networks successful, why some startups fail to successfully scale, and most crucially, why products that create and compete using the network effect have become vitally important today.

A startup executive and investor draws on expertise developed at the premier venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz and as an executive at Uber to address how tech’s most successful products have solved the dreaded "cold start problem”—by leveraging network effects to launch and scale toward billions of users. ~ Andrew Chen The Cold Start Problem

What Others Have to Say

I’ve read a preview copy of Andrew’s book, and I can tell you it’s very good. It’s full of real-life examples, actionable advice, and concrete takeaways.
Lenny Rachitsky Startup Investor & Advisor, Author, Former Airbnb Growth PM
Excited for The Cold Start Problem, @andrewchen’s new book full of wisdom for starting and scaling.
Darius Contractor Chief Product & Engineering Officer, Vendr; Former Airtable, Facebook, & Dropbox Product Executive
Extremely excited to see @andrewchen's new book come out. Doing research on GTM strategies for network-driven companies (social networks, marketplaces, professional networks) was immensely fun, and I learned a lot through it. And now finally it's here!!
Li Jin Founder & General Partner, Atelier Ventures; Former a16z Partner
The Cold Start Problem is an excellent playbook for everyone who is working with or is interested to understand more about networked products.
Francesca Cortesi
I recommend Chen's book. If you're working on starting or growing a company that relies on networks, it's a must-read. It's engaging, it's practical, and anyone who reads it will walk away with at least a few things that stick with them.
Bryan C. Boots Founding partner of Growth Map Consulting Group

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About the Author

Andrew Chen is best known for his newsletter on tech and business, whose 200,000 followers include many of the most notable founders in Silicon Valley. He was formerly head of rider growth at Uber, where he oversaw an increase from 15 million to 100 million active users of the platform.

Currently, Andrew is a general partner at Andreessen Horowitz where he invests in consumer technology, including social, marketplace, entertainment, and gaming experiences. Today, Andrew serves on the boards of All Day Kitchens, Clubhouse, Envoy, Hipcamp, Maven, Reforge, SandboxVR, Singularity6, Sleeper, Snackpass, and Substack.